Advisory Opinions and Waivers, 1990-2001 Index
Laws ‡ and Legal Precedents
Montgomery County Ethics Law (chapter 19A of the Montgomery County Code)
19A-2
Advisory opinions: 1997-15, 1997-17, 1998-6, 1998-12, 1999-1, 1999-2, 2000-4; Waivers: 1992-12 (92-43)
19A-3
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14), 1995-6, 1997-1, 1997-6
19A-4(a)
Advisory opinions: 1995-10, 1998-7, 2000-2; Waivers: 1992-9 (92-37)
Advisory opinions: 1991-7 (91-15), 1991-17 (91-25), 1992-10 (92-35), 1994-12, 1998-7, 2000-5
19A-4(d)
Advisory opinions: 1991-4 (91-12)
19A-4(e)
Advisory opinions: 1998-12, 1999-1
19A-4(g)
Advisory opinions: 1991-4 (91-12), 1992-4 (92-30), 1992-12 (92-43), 1994-5, 1997-6, 1998-12, 1999-1
19A-4(h)
Advisory opinions: 1996-1, 1996-4, 1997-1, 1997-15, 1997-17; Waivers: 1990-8A
19A-4(j)
Advisory opinions: 1991-17 (91-25), 1998-7, 2000-2
19A-4(k)
Advisory opinions: 1999-4
19A-4(m)
Advisory opinions: 1990-1, 1994-6, 1996-10, 1996-11, 1996-16, 1997-6, 1997-1, 1997-15, 1998-7, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-2, 2000-4, 2000-5; Waivers: 1992-3 (92-31), 1993-2 (93-45), 1994-1, 1994-5, 1995-7, 1995-4, 1996-7, 1997-15, 1997-17, 2000-5
19A-4(n)
Advisory opinions: 1992-12 (92-37), 1994-12, 1995-4, 1995-14, 1997-14; Waivers: 1998-1
19A-5
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
19A-6
Advisory opinions: 1994-4, 1995-16, 1999-2, 2000-8
19A-7
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14), 1991-10 (91-18), 1991-16 (91-24), 1997-17, 1998-7, 1998-11, 1999-4, 2000-5, 2000-8
19A-8
Waivers: all; Advisory opinions: 1994-4, 1995-13, 1996-9, 1996-14, 1998-7, 1998-12, 1999-1
19A-8(a)
Advisory opinions: 1991-14 (91-22), 1992-3 (92-29), 1992-8 (92-34a), 1994-5, 1994-6, 1995-4, 1995-14, 1995-18, 1996-2, 1996-3, 1996-15, 1996-16, 1997-6, 1997-12, 1997-17, 1998-2, 1998-4, 2000-8
19A-8(b)
Advisory opinions: 1990-5, 1991-4 (91-12), 1991-11 (91-19), 1991-14 (91-22), 1994-5, 1994-7, 1995-2, 1995-17, 1996-2, 1996-3, 1996-16, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-6; Waivers: 1995-3 (the opinion part)
19A-8(c)
Advisory opinions: 1990-1, 1998-5, 1998-9, 1999-2, 2000-7
19A-9
Advisory opinions: 1996-13
19A-10
Advisory opinions: 1996-13, 2000-5
19A-11
Advisory opinions: 1992-9 (92-34b), 1992-12 (92-37), 1995-13, 1996-4, 1996-10, 1996-11, 1996-15, 1996-16, 1997-16; Waivers: 1990-14, 1991-4 (91-28), 1997-3, 1997-5
19A-11(a)(1)
Advisory opinions: 1991-3, 1992-3 (92-29), 1992-7 (92-33), 1993-1, 1994-6, 1994-10, 1994-12, 1995-4, 1995-5, 1995-7, 1996-2, 1997-14, 1998-1, 1998-7, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-2, 2000-3, 2000-4, 2000-5; Waivers: 1992-3 (92-31), 1992-7 (92-36), 1992-10 (92-38), 1992-11 (92-39), 1993-2 (93-45), 1993-3 (93-46A), 1994-1, 1994-3, 1994-5, 1995-4, 1996-1, 1996-8, 1996-9, 1997-1, 1996-10, 1997-5, 1997-6, 1998-1
19A-11(a)(2)
Advisory opinions: 1991-5 (91-13), 1992-4 (92-30), 1992-10 (92-35), 1992-12 (92-37), 1994-9, 1994-12, 1995-7, 1995-12, 1995-14, 1995-15, 1995-21, 1996-2, 1996-14, 1997-11, 1997-12, 1997-14, 1998-4, 1998-8, 1998-10, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-2, 2000-3, 2000-4, 2000-5; Waivers: 1990-11, 1990-13, 1990-14, 1991-4 (91-28), 1992-1 (92-29), 1992-3 (92-31), 1993-2 (93-45), 1993-3 (93-46A), 1994-1, 1994-2, 1994-5, 1996-8, 1996-10, 1997-1, 1997-5, 1998-1
19A-11(b)(1)
Advisory opinions: 1992-2A (92-28A), 1998-6, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-4; Waivers: 1996-8, 1997-5
19A-11(b)(3)
Advisory opinions: 1994-10, 2000-5
19A-11(b)(4)
Advisory opinions: 1992-10 (92-35)
19A-11(b)(5)
Advisory opinions: 1995-12, 1996-14
19A-11(c)
Advisory opinions: 1992-9 (92-34), 1993-2 (93-45), 2000-2; Waivers: 1996-8
19A-12
Advisory opinions: 1990-8, 1995-13, 1992-4 (92-30), 1996-14, 1998-12; Waivers: 1990-17
19A-12(a)
Advisory opinions: 1991-14 (91-22), 1992-2A (92-28A), 1993-1 (93-44), 1993-2 (93-45), 1994-5, 1995-2, 1998-6, 1998-10, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-3; Waivers: 1992-2 (92-30)
19A-12(b)
Advisory opinions: 1990-5, 1991-14 (91-22), 1994-7, 1995-2, 1996-3, 1996-14, 1996-16, 1997-7, 1998-7, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-2; Waivers: 1992-2 (92-30), 1994-4, 1994-6, 1996-5, 1996-11, 1997-1
19A-12(c)
Advisory opinions: 1993-1, 1995-2, 1996-3, 1998-12; Waivers: 1993-2 (93-45)
19A-12(d)
Advisory opinions: 1998-12
19A-12(e)
Waivers: 1992-5 (92-34), 1992-6 (92-35), 1995-1
19A-13
Advisory opinions: 1991-1 (91-9), 1991-4 (91-12), 1991-8 (91-16), 1991-11 (91-19), 1991-15 (91-23), 1991-18 (91-26), 1995-17, 1995-20, 1996-2, 1997-3, 1997-10, 1998-5, 1998-7, 1998-9, 1999-2, 1999-3, 2000-1, 2000-6, 2000-7; Waivers: 1990-3, 1990-12, 1990-13, 1990-16, 1991-2 (91-26), 1992-4 (92-32), 1992-5 (92-34), 1996-3, 1996-4, 1997-2, 1997-4, 1997-7, 1998-2, 1998-3, 1999-1, 2000-2, 2001-1
19A-14
Advisory opinions: 1990-8, 1991-2, 1991-16 (91-24), 1992-1 (92-27), 1992-8 (92-34a), 1994-5, 1994-13, 1995-3, 1995-10, 1995-12, 1995-13, 1996-6, 1996-8, 1996-9, 1996-12, 1996-17, 1997-1, 1998-3, 1998-6, 1998-7, 1998-11, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-2, 2000-3, 2000-4; Waivers: 1990-12, 1991-1 (91-18), 1991-3 (91-27),
1992-8 (92-36A), 1996-9, 1996-10, 2000-1
19A-15
Advisory opinions: 1990-8, 1991-15 (91-23), 1992-9 (92-34b), 1992-10 (92-35), 1993-1, 1994-5, 1996-2, 1996-8, 1997-1, 1998-5, 1998-6, 1998-9, 1998-12, 1999-1, 2000-2, 2000-4, 2000-6; Waivers: 1990-14, 1997-1
19A-16
Advisory opinions: 1992-1 (92-27), 1992-11 (92-36), 1996-6, 1996-12; Waivers: 1990-8A, 1991-1 (91-18), 1995-3
19A-16(a)
Advisory opinions: 1991-16 (91-24), 1994-13, 1995-3, 1995-10, 1995-16, 1997-1; Waivers: 1990-11
19A-16(b)
Advisory opinions: 1991-7 (91-15), 1991-16 (91-24), 1992-1 (92-27), 1992-11 (92-36), 1994-13, 1995-3, 1995-6, 1995-10, 1995-12, 1996-17, 2001-1
19A-16(c)
Advisory opinions: 1991-12 (91-20), 1991-13 (91-21), 1994-11, 1995-1, 1995-7A, 1995-9, 1995-10, 1995-11, 1995-16, 1995-18, 1996-1, 1996-5, 1996-7, 1997-8, 1997-11, 1997-15, 1997-17, 1998-2
19A-16(d)
Advisory opinions: 1991-7 (91-15), 1991-13 (91-21), 1994-11, 1995-6, 1995-10, 1995-16, 1995-18, 1996-7, 1997-15, 1997-17, 1998-2
19A-16(e)
Advisory opinions: 1991-9 (91-17), 1992-6 (92-32), 1995-1, 1995-9, 1995-11, 1997-10
19A-16(f)
Advisory opinions: 1992-11 (92-36), 1995-7A, 1996-5, 1997-15, 1997-17
19A-17
Advisory opinions: 1991-17 (91-25), 1994-4, 1994-11, 1995-16, 1998-2
19A-19
Advisory opinions: 1991-17 (91-25), 1992-2 (92-28), 1994-4
19A-20
Advisory opinions: 1991-17 (91-25)
19A-21
Advisory opinions: 1999-4, 2000-3
19A-22
Advisory opinions: 1999-4
19A-27–32 (enforcement provisions)
Advisory opinions: 1998-12, 1999-1
Article III (19A-11–16, conflicts of interest, cited in general)
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14), 1991-10 (91-18)
Montgomery County Code 1984/1994, as amended (sections other than the Ethics Law)
1A-201
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14)
2-109 (Article V, Board of Appeals Statute)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1, 2000-8
2-112
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
2A-15
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14)
10B-3
Advisory opinions: 1994-7, 1997-1, 20 00-5
10B-4
Advisory opinions: 2000-5
10B-8
Advisory opinions: 2000-5
10B-9
Advisory opinions: 1994-7, 2000-5
10B-12
Advisory opinions: 1994-7, 2000-5
11B-51
Advisory opinions: 1999-4; Waivers: 1991-1 (91-18)
11B-52
Advisory opinions: 1990-1, 1991-14 (91-22), 1996-16, 1997-6, 1998-7, 1999-2, 1999-4; Waivers: 1990-8, 1990-17, 1991-1 (91-18), 1992-2 (92-30), 1992-3 (92-31), 1992-12 (92-43), 1993-2 (93-45), 1993-3 (93-46A), 1994-1, 1994-4, 1996-7, 2000-2
18A-5
Advisory opinions: 1998-7
18A-8
Advisory opinions: 1998-7
19-9
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
21-4B
Advisory opinions: 1994-10
24-13
Advisory opinions: 1996-8
24-34
Advisory opinions: 1993-1, 1995-7, 1997-6
24-38
Advisory opinions: 1993-1, 1995-7
24A-4
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
27-2
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
27-51
Waivers: 1993-3 (93-46A)
27-52
Waivers: 1993-3 (93-46A)
27-62
Advisory opinions: 1993-2 (93-45); Waivers: 1993-2 (93-45), 1994-5
33-58–61 (Board of Investment Trustees Law)
Advisory opinions: 2000-4
Procurement Law
Advisory opinions: 1997-5
Montgomery County Charter 1984, as amended
104
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14)
213
Waivers: 1995-0
215
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14)
401
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14), 1992-12 (92-37)
403
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
405
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
407
Advisory opinions: 1994-10
411 *
Advisory opinions: 1994-10, 1996-3, 1996-8, 1996-14; Waivers: 1991-1 (91-18), 1995-0, 1996-2, 1996-5, 1996-6, 1996-7
Montgomery County Procurement Regulations
Section 4.1.2.4
Waivers: 1997-5
Section E.7
Advisory opinions: 1991-4 (91-12)
Montgomery County Resolutions
11-108
Advisory opinions: 1991-6 (91-14)
12-452
Waivers: 1992-5 (92-34)
12-1134
Advisory opinions: 1998-12, 1999-1
Bills, Montgomery County
9-93
Advisory opinions: 1994-13
40-91
Waivers: 1994-1
40-92 (Emergency Bill)
Waivers: 1992-3 (92-31)
42-87
Advisory opinions: 1994-10
44-89
Waivers: 1992-1 (92-29)
Departmental Directives
DR 82-55, Function Code 300, Montgomery Co. Police Dept.
Waivers: 1990-8A
Executive regulations
103-02
Advisory opinions: 1994-11
Ethics Commission Regulation 32-97 (the Outside Employment Regulation)
4.1
Advisory opinions: 1999-1
4.4
Advisory opinions: 1998-12, 1999-1
4.5
Advisory opinions: 1999-1
4.7
Waivers: 1990-5, 1993-1 (93-44)
4.13
Advisory opinions: 1998-12, 1999-1
Reports pursuant to Council resolutions (etc.)
28 April 1992 (method of contract award for liquor stores)
Waivers: 1992-5 (92-34)
Cases cited as precedent
B&O. R.R. Co. v. Canton Co., 70 Md. 405 (1899)
Advisory opinions: 2000-5
Broderick v. Oklahoma, 413 U.S. 601 (1973)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc., 112 S.Ct. 2608, 120 L.Ed.2d 407 (1992)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
CSX Transportation, Inc. v. Easterwood, 113 S.Ct. 1832, 1737, 123 L.Ed.2d 387 (1993)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
County Council for Montgomery County v. Montgomery Association, Inc., 274 Md. 52, 333 A.2d 596, 599 (1975)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
English v. General Electric Co., 496 U.S. 72, 78-79, 110 S. Ct. 2270, 2275, 11 L.Ed.2d 65 (1990)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Frost v. State, 336 Md. 125, 647 A.2d 106 (1994)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Hillsborough County v. Automated Medical Laboratories, Inc., 471 U.S. 707, 713, 105 S.Ct. 2371, 2375, 85 L.Ed.2d 714 (1985)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Maryland Commission on Human Relations v. Baltimore Gas & Electric, 296 Md. 46 (1923)
Advisory opinions: 1997-15
Maryland State Police v. Warwick Supply & Equipment Co., Inc., 330 Md. 474, 624 A.2d 1238 (1993)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Mertens v. Hewitt Associates, 508 U.S. 248, 260 (1993)
Advisory opinions: 2000-4
Myrick v. Fruehauf Corp., 13 F.3d 1516, 1525 (11th Cir. 1994)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Public Service Commission of Maryland v. Howard Research & Dev. Corp., 271 Md. 141 (1974)
Advisory opinions: 1997-15
Revis v. Maryland Auto. Ins. Fund, 322 Md. 683 (1991)
Advisory opinions: 1999-2
Talbot County v. Skipper, 392 Md. 481, 487-8, 620 A.2d 880, 883 (1993)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Maryland State Attorney General, Opinions
62 Op. Atty. Gen. 425 (1977)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
67 Op. Atty. Gen. 356, 360–64 (1982)
Advisory opinions: 1997-15, 1997-17
68 Op. Atty. Gen. 252, 261–63 (1983)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
71 Op. Atty. Gen. 108, 109 (1986)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
75 Op. Atty. Gen. 343 (1990)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Maryland Code Annotated
Article 1-102(d)
Advisory opinions: 1997-15
Article 15
Advisory opinions: 1997-15, 1997-17
Article 24, Title 13
Advisory opinions: 1997-7
Article 33
Advisory opinions: 19 97-1
Article 40A
Advisory Opinions: 1997-15; Waivers: 1992-9 (92-37)
10-616
Advisory opinions: 1994-5
10-617
Advisory opinions: 1994-5
Maryland Declaration of Rights
Article 24
Advisory opinions: 2000-5
Maryland State Ethics Commission Opinions
82-54, XVIII COMAR 535,536 (December 15 1982)
Advisory opinions: 1997-15, 1997-17
Federal Law
29 U.S.C. §1002(21(A)
Advisory opinions: 2000-4
Federal Election Campaign Act, 2 U.S.C. §§431‑456
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
United States Constitution
Article VI, clause 2 (supremacy clause)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
Fourteenth Amendment
Advisory opinions: 2000-5
Other
63 A. Jur. 2d § 39 Public Officers and Employees (1984)
Advisory opinions: 1997-1
‡ Laws are cited by the number that designated them at the time of the advisory opinion or waiver in question. Certain laws have subsequently been amended or repealed or had their numerical designations changed, but this index does not (with the exception of County Charter section 411) take account of such modifications.
* Section 411 of the County Charter (November 8, 1994): “No person whose compensation is paid in whole or part by the County shall (1) act as an attorney, agent, broker, or employee for, or receive compensation or anything of value from any person, firm or corporation transacting business of any kind with, or engaging in litigation against the County, or any instrumentality thereof; (2) represent or serve any client in any manner if that client’s interest is adverse to that of the County, or in conflict with the person’s official duties. The Council shall prescribe by law standards and procedures for the implementation of this Section and for justified waivers from the provisions of this Section when such waivers are deemed to be in the best interest of the County after full public disclosure of all pertinent facts. The Council also shall prescribe by law penalties for violation of this Section.” This provision is absent from the 1996 and subsequent versions of the Charter; its function is taken up in part by section 19A-14(g)(1) of the County Ethics Law.